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Table 2 Parameter estimates of the overall effect of the more Doctors law (MML) on the annual number of students and physicians in Brazil from 2003 to 2023 (95% CI)

From: Brazil’s experiment to expand its medical workforce through private and public schools: Impacts and consequences of the balance of regulatory and market forces in resource-scarce settings

 

Average annual change prior to onset of MML effects β1

p-value

Additional average annual increase after MML β2

p-value

Difference between average annual change before and after MML β3

p-value

Linear trend after the onset of the effects of the MML β1 + β3

p-value

Doctors (before and after 2020)*

13593.6 (12493.5; 14747.7)

< 0.001

7353.2 (5412.9; 9293.5)

< 0.001

12220.4 (8982.6; 15458.2)

< 0.001

25814.1 (23068.1; 28560.2)

< 0.001

Students (before and after 2013)*

5703.5 (5029.3; 6377.7)

< 0.001

-13267.1 (-27585.2; 1050.9)

0.067

10540.1 (8414.7; 12665.5)

< 0.001

16243.7 (14033.9–18453.4)

< 0.001

  1. *Threshold years for the effects of MML