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Table 1 Power structures and indicators

From: States, global power and access to medicines: a comparative case study of China, India and the United States, 2000–2019

Power structures

Indicators

Finance

• Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

• Health care spending

Financial protection and reimbursement:

(Strange`s security structure)

• Insurance coverage

• Out of pocket expenditure and catastrophic health expenditure

Production

• Gross production

• Profile of production: Active pharmaceutical ingredients, formulations, biologics

• Ownership of industry

Knowledge

• Input: Investment from states in research and development

• Output: Publications, patents, bringing new drugs to the market

Trade:

• Value of imports and exports of pharmaceuticals

• Trading partners

• Key developments regarding trade and intellectual property issues

Official development assistance

(Strange`s welfare structure)

• Official development assistance