Internet use and frailty in middle-aged and older adults: findings from developed and developing countries

Table 2 The association of internet use and frailty status

	HRS		CHARLS		SHARE		ELSA		MHAS		Pooled	P value for heterogeneity
	OR(95%CI)	P value	OR(95%CI)	P value	OR(95%CI)	P value	OR(95%CI)	P value	OR(95%CI)	P value	OR(95%CI)	P value for heterogeneity
Model 1	0.52(0.50,0.54)	< 0.001	0.44(0.39,0.49)	< 0.001	0.27(0.27,0.28)	< 0.001	0.43(0.40,0.46)	< 0.001	0.68(0.64,0.71)	< 0.001	0.45(0.31,0.65)	< 0.001
Model 2	0.59(0.57,0.62)	< 0.001	0.53(0.47,0.59)	< 0.001	0.43(0.42,0.45)	< 0.001	0.57(0.53,0.62)	< 0.001	0.72(0.68,0.76)	< 0.001	0.56(0.46,0.69)	< 0.001
Model 3	0.77(0.74,0.80)	< 0.001	0.62(0.54,0.70)	< 0.001	0.47(0.29,0.76)	0.002	0.71(0.66,0.77)	< 0.001	0.81(0.76,0.85)	< 0.001	0.72(0.67,0.79)	< 0.001

HRS Health and Retirement Study; CHARLS China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study; SHARE Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe; ELSA English Longitudinal Study of Ageing; MHAS Mexican Health and Aging Study; Model 1 was a crude model; In model 2, we accounted for age and gender; Model 3 was fully adjusted, further controlling educational levels, work for payment, married or partnered, household wealth, smoking, drinking, and co-residence with children

ISSN: 1744-8603