Table 1 Glossary of terms

DALY: Disability-adjusted life years

A DALY refers to the loss of one year of full health in a person’s life due to injury, disease, or disability. It is a measure used to quantify the burden of disease and to compare the overall health and life expectancy of different populations. DALY = YLL + YLD

YLL: Years of life lost to premature death

YLLs are calculated by multiplying the number of deaths by a global standard life expectancy at the age of death. It is a measure of premature mortality that takes into account both the frequency of deaths and the age at which it occurs

YLD: Years of life lived with disability

Each YLD represents one full year of healthy life lost due to illness or disability

Incidence Rate

It is the proportion of new cases within a specific time period to the total number of people at risk for the disease. The total observation time of the population within a given calendar year refers to the approximate number of people in the population at the beginning of the year

Mortality Rate: Deaths in the population

It is the number of deaths from a disease divided by the total population. The total observation time of the population within a given calendar year refers to the approximate number of people in the population at the beginning of the year