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Table 2 Reduction in smoking-attributable deaths (SADs) from countries reaching the highest level by MPOWER package and policies between 2016 and 20201

From: Global smoking-related deaths averted due to MPOWER policies implemented at the highest level between 2007 and 2020

Policy measure

Total number of smokers affected (column %)

Proportional reduction in number of smokers (row %)

Proportional reduction in SADs

HIC risks2 (column %)

LMIC adjusted 3 (column %)

Lower bound 4

Upper bound 4

P-Smoke-free air laws

7,760,000 (3)

325,000 (4)

163,000 (4)

106,000 (3)

53,000

158,000

O-Cessation services

31,800,000 (13)

718,000 (2)

360,000 (8)

260,000 (8)

130,000

389,000

W-Health warnings

102,000,000 (43)

5,600,000 (5)

2,800,000 (65)

2,320,000 (69)

1,160,000

3,480,000

E- Bans on TAPS

31,300,000 (13)

1,310,000 (4)

653,000 (15)

442,000 (13)

221,000

663,000

R-Raising taxes

63,100,000 (27)

615,000 (1)

308,000 (7)

241,000 (7)

120,000

361,000

All policies

236,000,000

8,570,000 (4)

4,280,000

3,370,000

1,680,000

5,050,000

  1. 1Rounding has been applied to all estimates as in Levy et al. [37]
  2. 2The High Income Country (HIC) risks apply the 0.5 multiplier to the reduction in total number of smokers in all countries to reflect that 50% of all people who smoke will die from smoking. This column applies the HIC multiplier to all countries
  3. 3The Low and Middle Income Country (LMIC) adjusted estimates apply the 0.65 multiplier to LMICs countries to reflect the lower mortality risk of smoking in these countries. This column applies the risk of death according to a country’s income level (HIC or LMIC)
  4. 4Applied to LMIC adjusted estimates; Lower and Upper bounds set at ± 50% of SADs
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Globalization and Health

ISSN: 1744-8603