Fig. 1

Changes in global milk formula production and trade flows (US$), showing 2005 (top) and 2017 (bottom); circles represent country production values and lines the value and direction of trade. Notes: To simplify the figure, only countries with trade flow values >US$5 million were represented;Â milk formula sales data were sourced from Euromonitor Passport; trade data were sourced from UN Comtrade